What is rhinoplasty or nose surgery?
It is one of the most widespread and ancient plastic surgeries (performed for the first time in 1000 BC) in the world.
It represents an entire section of reconstructive surgery that combines methods of surgical correction of the shape and size of the nose by replacing congenital or acquired defects in this part of the face with bone-cartilage tissue taken from the patient.
Nasal surgery transforms the patient and is considered to be one of the most effective methods of changing the appearance.
Types and indications for
The nose is an organ of smell, which has a very complex anatomical structure. The surgical correction of this part of the body is considered one of the most difficult plastic surgeries in the world, because the doctor needs not only to change its appearance, but also to preserve its functionality (in some cases, this procedure leads to a curvature of the osteochondral septum, causes difficulty in nasal breathing or loss of smell). Therefore, before performing it, surgeons recommend their clients to think carefully and answer the question of whether rhinoplasty is worth doing or not (the exception is in cases where the irregular shape of the nose causes respiratory disorders and can cause shortage of oxygen in the brain). The optimal age for conducting is 20-30 years, but in case of respiratory problems or after serious physical injury, it is done earlier.
Main indications:
- disproportionate size of the respiratory organ to the entire face;
- hypertrophy of the turbinates;
- injuries or deformations in bone or cartilage tissue in the area of the osteochondral septum, its curvature;
- nasal tip asymmetrical, forked or too raised;
- "Hump";
- lack or difficulty in breathing;
- dissatisfaction with the result of previous plastics.
There are several types of rhinoplasty, which are classified according to the purpose and technique of the procedure:
- nasal tip plastic - a method of surgical correction of the shape or elimination of asymmetry (bifurcation) of the nasal tip;
- grafting (autograft) - during the procedure, the doctor enlarges and, if necessary, lengthens a nose that is too small by transplanting cartilage tissue taken from the area of the auricle;
- reduction - a method of surgical intervention, which aims to correct the shape and size of the turbinates;
- back alignment - removal of the hump on the back of the nose;
- septoplasty - a surgical method of correcting a deviated nasal septum;
- augmentation - a surgical method of correcting the shape of the bridge of the nose in order to eliminate the "flattening" effect;
- non-surgical rhinoplasty - non-surgical correction of the shape, size and proportionality of the nose by injection of fillers (plastic of the nasal contour), the use of resorbable hormonal drugs that destroy the bone cartilage tissue in the nasal septum or with the help of Threads of aptos (lifting of the thread of the wings and tip of the nose).
How is the preparation for the operation going?
Before the procedure, the patient must visit a plastic surgeon who will take measurements of the respiratory organ, determine the amount of work to be done, simulate the presumptive result of the operation on a computer using a special program (computer modeling helps the doctor to better understand the client's wishes) and write a referral for the following tests:
- general and clinical blood test;
- electrocardiogram (with decoding);
- fluorography;
- testing for AIDS, HIV or hepatitis;
- tomography of the paranasal sinuses.
Two weeks before the procedure, you need to quit smoking and stop taking blood-thinning medications. 12 hours before the operation it is not allowed to consume food or drinks (a light dinner is allowed the night before).
Before the procedure, doctors recommend that you rest and sleep well (this will help calm the nervous system).
Technique depending on the method
Immediately prior to the procedure, the client signs an agreement with the plastic surgery clinic, which contains his consent to the surgery, the cost of the procedure and its type, the name and surname of the anesthetist and plastic surgeon, and the information that the patient is familiar with the possibility of developing postoperative complications and their methods. After that, the person is taken to the operating room, the face is wiped with a lotion, the piercing is removed (if any) and, if necessary, preoperative marking is performed with a special marker. The operation takes place under general intravenous or endotracheal anesthesia and lasts 1-2 hours.
There are two methods of performing rhinoplasty: open and closed.
Open rhinoplasty
Open rhinoplasty is a procedure in which the doctor makes an incision in the columella (the part of the skin that lies between the nasal openings), corrects the shape of the nasal structures, and finally applies several cosmetic points to the skin. This method of surgery is used to correct severe injuries and deformities of the nasal cavity and to reconstruct bone and cartilage tissue using autografts.
Closed rhinoplasty
Closed rhinoplasty is a procedure in which the surgeon makes an incision inside the nasal cavity, separates the soft tissues from the osteochondral frame, performs a series of surgical procedures to change the shape of the nose, and then sutures the mucosa with a self-absorbing suture Material. A less traumatic method of plastic surgery, after which complications rarely occur and scars remain.
After an unsuccessful first operation or if the result is not suitable for the client, doctors perform a second (secondary) rhinoplasty. This is a more complex (technically) procedure that requires certain skills and practical experience from the surgeon, is performed under general anesthesia, and requires the same preparation as primary plastic. It is performed no earlier than a year after the previous surgery.
Recovery period and results
The rehabilitation period lasts 3-4 weeks, but the patient spends a day in the hospital. Immediately after the operation, a tampon is inserted into each nostril, which the surgeon removes after three days, and a plaster cast is placed on the nose (it is removed after ten days). After removing the tampons, the doctor prescribes drops to the patient to eliminate postoperative edema and accelerate the healing of soft tissues. Swelling and bruising completely disappear after 1. 5-2 months. The preliminary result is evaluated after 6-8 months, the final result - after 12. Scars after rhinoplasty are visible for the first three months, then they become almost invisible.
Postoperative recommendations:
- two weeks after the surgical correction, you need to sleep on your back;
- for the first few weeks, you can not visit the sauna, swimming pool, solarium, gym and engage in heavy physical work;
- until the postoperative wounds are completely healed, you can only eat hot food and drink hot drinks;
- You cannot wear glasses for 2-3 months after the procedure;
- during the entire recovery period, you should not smoke.
Results of rhinoplasty or nose surgery: before and after photos
Possible complications and contraindications
Contraindications for execution:
- oncology;
- rhinorrhea;
- flu, SARS;
- active herpes;
- diabetes;
- atrophic rhinitis;
- infectious diseases of the oral cavity;
- mental disorders;
- tuberculosis;
- heart and kidney disorders.
Rhinoplasty is called one of the most difficult plastic surgeries in the world, during which the surgeon often removes not one, but several cosmetic defects at once, so it is associated with the development of a number of possible complications:
- nosebleeds;
- postoperative pigmentation;
- soft tissue swelling and hematoma;
- loss of smell;
- the appearance of keloid scars;
- difficulty breathing;
- curvature of the nasal septum.
What operations can be combined with?
Most often, nose plasty is combined with septoplasty - surgical correction of the nasal septum (this procedure is sometimes called septorhinoplasty), cheiloplasty (changing the shape and volume of the lips) and mammoplasty - plastic surgery aimed at correcting the shape and volume of the lips. breast size (in the latter case, two doctors are present at the operation, one of whom performs rhinoplasty and the other performs breast plastic surgery).
Estimated prices for rhinoplasty (nose removal)
A plastic surgeon provides exact information on how much a nose surgery costs. The cost of rhinoplasty includes preliminary consultation, hospital stay, computer simulation of results, tampon removal and bandage removal. The price of the procedure depends on the type and method of surgery.
Rhinoplasty is an operation that is equally popular with women and men. Help people get rid of health problems, improve the appearance and proportions of the face.