Nose reshaping is the most common type of service provided by plastic surgeons. Many people always perceive even a small defect in the nose as a tragedy. But it can be difficult to decide on an operation: rhinoplasty. Modern aesthetic medicine offers an innovative way to eliminate imperfections. In the presence of minor defects, non-surgical rhinoplasty can improve the appearance and make the face symmetrical.
Types of rhinoplasty
In plastic surgery, it is customary to distinguish between different types of rhinoplasty based on the technique and goals of the surgery.
All types of operations are divided into primary and secondary (repeated), while they can be:
- Reconstructive. This group includes manipulations aimed at restoring anatomical disorders that arose as a result of improper intrauterine development or as a result of traumatic injury or disease.
- Aesthetic. Intended to correct shortcomings.
According to the problem to be solved, there are many types of rhinoplasty:
- Reduce. Provides a reduction in the size of the osteochondral structure of the nose. This can be a shortening of the tip, a narrowing of the nasal bridge, the width of the nostrils and the lateral cartilage.
- Increase. Intended to correct defects by increasing the size of the nasal skeleton. It is also used for secondary plastics.
- Septoplasty. Elimination of the curvature of the nasal septum to facilitate nasal breathing, also to solve the problem of snoring.
- Grafting. The required shape of the nose is created from the patient's cartilage tissue. For transplantation, it is possible to take the cartilage tissue of the auricle, the nasal septum.
- Reconstructive rhinoplasty. Intended to correct the results of previous operations.
The goal of the surgery may also be a separately hypertrophied nasal mucosa, columella (a bridge between the nostrils). Changing the shape of the tip of the nose (eliminating hook or inverted) is a separate and more difficult type of surgery.
For any correction, the surgeon can choose an operative or nonsurgical type of intervention.
Operating room
It is performed under general anesthesia. The duration of the operation can be up to several hours, and the result is maintained for many years. Before the operation, the patient must sign a written consent for surgery, therefore, it is necessary to carefully weigh the pros and cons and strictly follow the rules of preoperative preparation, which includes:
- delivery of blood tests, fluorography, electrocardiogram;
- consultation of doctors of other specialties (dermatologist, therapist, psychiatrist);
- adherence to a diet.
After the operation, the patient is in the hospital for several days under the supervision of medical staff. After discharge, you should also strictly follow certain rules and restrictions.
Like any surgery, nose repair surgery has a number of contraindications and can cause side effects and complications.
Non surgical
Alternatively, plastic without surgery is used. Contour plastic is minimally invasive and does not involve surgery. It allows to correct asymmetry, slightly reduce the tip, remove the hump, straighten the nose, but it is not suitable for solving complex problems (restoring respiratory function, eliminating congenital defects).
Differs from classical rhinoplasty:
- the absence of a complex operation and a long period of rehabilitation;
- speed of execution;
- short duration of effect (no more than a year);
- you lose the ability to rerun the result.
It can be injection plastic using fillers, hyaluronic acid-based gels, hormone disintegration drugs, or correction without injection using sutures or splints.
At a cost, contour rhinoplasty costs several thousand rubles less than the traditional one.
Classifications of operative rhinoplasty
Complete primary rhinoplasty does not involve an operation that corrects the entire nose. This is the most common type of surgery. Conditionally, the indications for surgery are divided into 2 types, according to which the following will be performed:
Cosmetic plastic. If you want to get rid of the following nose defects:
- posterior bulges (humps);
- excessive length;
- thickened nose (potatoes);
- saddle back;
- large nostrils.
Functional plastic. Aimed at eliminating defects that lead to poor breathing, they interfere with the passage of air through the nose:
- a damaged septum with a curvature;
- Narrowing of the nostrils (congenital defect)
- congenital imperfections of cartilage tissue.
Open
The technique is used in cases where it is not possible to complete the assigned task in a closed way. The incision is made along the columella (the cutaneous part of the crease between the nostrils) and on the wings of the nose where they join the lip. Open rhinoplasty allows soft tissue and cartilage to be lifted upward to access internal sections for manipulation. Necessary for technically complex and large-scale operations:
- severe deformity of the nose, including with lateral displacement;
- combination of deformity of the nose with malformations ("cleft lip" or cleft of the hard palate);
- reconstruction in which grafts are used.
Disadvantages of this surgery include damage to the columella arteries, postoperative scar formation, and long-lasting postoperative tissue edema.
Rhinoplasty is performed only in an open way. Correcting the deficiencies of primary plastics is a difficult task, so an uncompromising aesthetic result is not always guaranteed.
Closed
The method is less traumatic than the open one. The incision is made from the inside, on the mucous membrane of the vestibule of the nose. This access is performed when a small volume operation is to be performed. This type of surgery is divided into marginal (along the internal surfaces of the wings of the nose), transseptal, inter- and transcondral. A closed access option is endoscopic rhinoplasty using micro tools.
It allows to exclude damage to the arteries and malnutrition of tissues, postoperative scars are not visible, since they are located in the nasal cavity, the outside of the skin remains unaffected. The method is often used for cosmetic operations.
Laser
An operation where a laser is used instead of a scalpel to cut the tissue. Laser incision is more delicate, since parallel cauterization of the vessels excludes the development of bleeding.
There are 2 types of laser rhinoplasty:
- open, which involves dissection of the tissues before shaping the soft part or the cartilage base;
- superficial - skin incisions are not performed, but the evaporation of the superficial layers to correct small changes in the tissues of the nose.
Injectable reconstructive rhinoplasty
Sometimes those who decide to undergo a rhinoplasty surgery want not only to predict and develop a model, but also to see the final result. This can be aided by the contour injection nose plastic procedure. The result is faster, more comfortable and cheaper.
You can inject drugs repeatedly. In some cases, fibrous tissue forms at the injection site, and the nose can take shape for a long time.
Injections of hyaluronic acid
The effect of the hyaluronic acid injections lasts about six months. The introduction of drugs allows you to level the surface of the skin and make the nose symmetrical, filling small irregularities. Hyaluronic acid fillers are used in cosmetic surgery. These funds are classified as biodegradable, that is, dissolvers. Over time, the drug breaks down into safe components - water and carbon dioxide.
Plastic nose filler
There are several groups of fillers. Biodegradables, in addition to those mentioned above, include:
- based on animal collagen;
- on collagen of human origin;
- on calcium hydroxyapatite;
- on synthetic lactic acid.
These fillers can have a lasting effect.
Biodegradable fillers (non-absorbable or permanent) are made based on silicone or other synthetic base (biopolymers). The effect after their application persists for a long time, but experts advise against their use. There are several reasons for rejecting synthetic fillers:
- they can cause tissue fibrosis;
- it is impossible to remove them from the body;
- it could in the future become an obstacle to rhinoplasty.
Hormonal drugs
To correct some imperfections of the nose, glucocorticosteroids, synthetic hormone-like substances produced by the human adrenal cortex, are used. They are able to partially soften and dissolve the cartilage tissue, which allows you to correct the shape of the wings and tip of the nose, to smooth the hump.
The procedure is relatively simple to perform, but difficult to prepare - it is necessary to very accurately calculate the dosage and depth of administration of the drug to avoid asymmetry and the formation of unnecessary cavities on the nose. Furthermore, the excess of hormones can trigger uncontrolled tissue atrophy.
Most often, such a correction is carried out in courses of different procedures.
Lipolytics
Lipolytics are agents used for mesoinjections. It is a biologically active material that promotes the burning of subcutaneous fat. Dermaheal is used to correct the shape of the nose. Helps to remove wrinkles and folds, it will eliminate the "fleshy" nose. Contains active ingredients: phosphatidylcholine, hyaluronic acid, carotene and others.
Rhinoplasty without injection
Much less often, the correction of the nose is done without injections. Experts believe that such procedures are not sufficiently effective.
With a clip tab
To align the back of the nose and its tip, use a splint, plastic or plaster device. The design creates constant pressure on the cartilage and soft tissues and changes their position over time. With the help of a splint, you can raise the tip, shrink the wings, reduce the length (by lifting the tip), smooth the hump and restore symmetry.
Nowadays, lightweight removable structures in the form of clips or clips are spreading. They need to be worn every day for several months.
Discussions
To eliminate asymmetry, straighten the back, correct the wings and tip of the nose, filament rhinoplasty is used. The correction technology consists in the subcutaneous insertion of strong self-absorbing threads. Unlike fillers, the nose does not visually widen after the threads are inserted. The result lasts 3 years.
The blond strands are made of caprolacca and fix the tissues of the nasal area through a multitude of grooves. The threads are inserted through small punctures, then the beautician tightens them and gives the desired shape to the nose area. The result becomes evident after 2-3 days. Other benefits of using threads:
- low invasiveness;
- painless;
- the use of local anesthesia;
- no complications;
- no swelling and bruising.
Disadvantages of this correction method:
- scars may appear at the puncture sites;
- strands can be shaped, that is, they will be visible.
The procedure is contraindicated for people with light, thin skin and for those who have a tendency to form keloid scars.
Indications for the procedure
When the shape and size of the patient's nose are met, the doctor will most likely prescribe a procedure without performing surgical manipulations. You can do without the scalpel when correcting the details to get rid of:
- from the asymmetry of the nose;
- from dents, hollows, hollows and irregularities;
- from the drooping tip of the nose;
- from the hump;
- from a flat top back;
- loose skin near the nose.
This procedure is also used as a temporary measure in the event that a minor patient with severe disabilities (following a fracture or injury) cannot be operated on.
In men
Men prefer a radical approach to modeling with fillers to eliminate defects once and for all. Indications for rhinoplasty in men can be:
- frequent sinusitis, chronic nasal congestion;
- injuries that led to deformation of the nose and its septum;
- congenital pathologies and deformities in the bone structure of the organ;
- saddle shape, wide nostrils, wide nose bridge, large nose length or thickness;
- respiratory ailments;
- the presence of a bad hump.
Among women
Any type of intervention can be applied to women. Which one to use, the surgeon decides. If minor changes need to be made, the cosmetic problem will be solved without the use of a scalpel. Often the injection method is used on the eve of the operation, so that a woman can assess how her nose will look in the future.
What can be solved using this procedure
Correction of the hump
The reduction is achieved by injecting a filler into the curved part. To correct the hump, the gel is injected over the entire length of the nasal spine. Most often, absorbable preparations with hyaluronic acid are used to straighten the nose.
Tip correction
It is performed by injecting fillers into problem areas. Such rhinoplasty is especially in demand when there are small cavities or depressions on the tip of the nose. The potato nose is corrected by introducing a filler into the tip itself, this makes it sharper.
The tip can be raised by injecting the gel into the columella area of the nose. Visually, this hides the hooked tip. In some cases, it is also necessary to inject into the wings of the nose to slightly narrow the nostrils.
Repair a broken nose
If the nose has been injured more than once, contouring will not help. In such a situation, only surgery on the nasal septum is indicated. And most likely a full-fledged reconstructive and aesthetic operation. Reconstruction of both the septum and the external osteochondral skeleton may be necessary.
Backrest alignment
It is impossible to align the crooked nose bridge without surgery. Injection rhinoplasty only allows you to mask the defect. For example, a snub nose correction (with a low bridge and a raised tip) is performed by injecting fillers over the entire surface of the nose bridge to the tip.
Reduction of the wings
Hyaluronic acid gel is used to correct the asymmetry of the wings of the nose. In this case, the specialist must accurately calculate the dose.
The nose becomes thinner and more expressive after hormone rhinoplasty.
If it is necessary to remove the asymmetry of the nostrils or to reduce them, fillers are injected into the lower part of the wings of the nose.
How old is the operation
There must be clear reasons for the operation on the face. A conscientious plastic surgeon will not undertake a minor's nose correction if a certain whim of a girl or boy serves as the basis.
Persons over the age of 18 are admitted to the operation. In extremely rare situations, this condition can be violated. The minimum age for rhinoplasty for girls is 13-14 years, for boys - 15-16 years.
For medical reasons, a teenager can undergo almost any plastic surgery. However, doctors recommend being patient until early age, when the operated organ is at least 80-90% formed.
How is the preparation for the non-surgical procedure going
Unlike classic surgery, it is easier to prepare for a non-surgical procedure. Perhaps the doctor will advise you to consult a dermatologist, tell you what tests are performed to identify contraindications and restrictions.
Compliance with the following rules will help reduce the risk of complications:
- 10 days before plastic surgery, it is necessary to stop taking alcohol;
- salicylates increase bleeding, which means that a week before the procedure, you should stop taking "Aspirin" and other similar drugs;
- refrain from eating at least 10 hours before;
- a few days before the plastic injection, it is recommended to exclude high physical activity;
- it is necessary to wash your hair the day before, as it is not possible to bend and wet the face after the procedure.
The doctor prescribes the intake of antihistamines. With a high temperature, menstruation, respiratory diseases, the procedure will have to be abandoned until recovery.
I need anesthesia
General anesthesia is not required for non-surgical rhinoplasty. For anesthesia, local application or infiltration anesthesia is used.
Making the technology
Non-surgical plastic surgery is performed on an outpatient basis, there is no need for patient hospitalization. After the procedure, the plastic surgeon's clients go home.
A thorough examination and computer modeling of the future shape of the nose is preliminarily performed. The average duration of manipulations is 35-60 minutes. The operation proceeds step by step as follows:
- The patient is conscious, only local anesthesia is used. The doctor applies a lidocaine-based cream to the nose and surrounding area. The exposure time under the film is 10-15 minutes.
- After opening the vial with the drug and filling the gel into the microcannula, gradually and carefully inject the filler into the designated areas of the nose. If the client has a desire, she can observe the progress of the process with the help of a mirror, which she will hold on her own.
- If necessary, the beautician can re-infuse the filler.
- The final step is a light manual massage. It is necessary for better distribution of the filler.
The result can be evaluated immediately. The fillers are safe and fully absorbed within 1. 5 years.
Consequences and contraindications of non-surgical rhinoplasty
Correction should not be done to women during pregnancy or during menstruation. Non-surgical correction is contraindicated for people suffering from the following diseases:
- acute infectious diseases;
- keloidosis;
- autoimmune diseases;
- pathologies of the endocrine system, including diabetes mellitus;
- hemophilia and other blood clotting problems;
- individual allergies and intolerances to the components of the drugs used;
- oncological diseases, tumors of any localization.
What complications can arise
Complications after surgery occur in 10% of cases. They can also occur during surgery (bleeding, skin breaks, tearing of the muco-cartilage flap, violation of the integrity of the bone pyramid, fracture of the bone site).
If several cosmetic defects are eliminated during the operation, a number of complications can develop:
- nosebleeds;
- postoperative pigmentation;
- callus;
- soft tissue swelling and hematoma;
- loss of smell;
- the appearance of keloid scars;
- difficulty breathing;
- curvature of the nasal septum.
Rhinoplasty without surgery is not that dangerous, although it is also considered a difficult procedure in cosmetic surgery. After that, a special splint is applied to the patient's nose, which fixes the result and protects against injury.
For several hours after the procedure, there may be redness and swelling of the skin in the nasal area. These problems disappear completely within 24 hours. After tightening with threads, bruises can form, which completely disappear within a week.
Rare complications include processes that can occur due to the inexperience of the surgeon performing the procedure or the patient's failure to comply with postoperative rules: displacement of fillers and breakage of threads inserted under the skin. The doctor should address the problem and urgently.
Caring for your nose after surgery
Laser rhinoplasty, hyaluronic acid injections and fillers minimize the rehabilitation period. Immediately after the nose reshaping procedure, you can go home. The swelling disappears within 1-2 days.
On average, rehabilitation lasts up to several days (depending on the method of correction performed). There are almost no restrictions after the manipulation performed. You can keep going to work, playing sports and living your normal life.
In the postoperative period, it is necessary to monitor facial expressions: you can not squint, frown. For several hours, you shouldn't strain your muscles, blow your nose, sneeze and cough. In the first 2-3 days of recovery, you shouldn't wear glasses.
Strict restrictions apply to the visit of any bathing place (ponds, swimming pool, bathhouse, sauna). You also need to stop sunbathing, smoking, foundation.
It is not possible to massage the injection site or perform physiotherapy for 2 weeks.
How long does the edema last after surgery?
The entire rehabilitation period after surgery can take about a year. In the first few days, the patient must wear a bandage, bandage or plaster cast. The swelling of the face will subside in 1-2 days. After 21 days, the plaster cast is removed and blood clots from the nose and tampons are removed.
Active recovery occurs in the next 3 months, traces of side effects fade, but small changes may occur until the end of the year.
What to do if the operation fails
The result of the performed operation can be judged only after 6 months. Practice shows that 20% of all interventions to correct or eliminate nose defects are not the only ones.
If after this period the nose does not take the desired shape or the swelling remains, the operation can be considered unsuccessful. In such situations, repeated operations are assigned.
When to repeat the procedure
The effect of non-surgical nose surgery lasts on average about a year. You can repeat the procedure at any time.
After surgery, repeated (secondary) rhinoplasty can be prescribed no earlier than a year later. Technically, this is a more complex procedure. It is prescribed if the patient is not satisfied with the result or the previous operation was unsuccessful (did not give the expected effect).
Advantages of non-surgical rhinoplasty
The filling and suturing procedure cannot be considered a full-fledged alternative to surgery, but it does have a number of obvious advantages. The main ones are:
- painless;
- short period of rehabilitation (sometimes absent);
- rapid achievement of results;
- reversibility (you can always return the previous form if the result is not satisfactory).
The procedure has advantages and disadvantages. It has an extremely low effect on the general condition of the body, does not damage the tissues of the face, after which no scars and scars are formed. But if injected incorrectly, lumps of gel can form under the skin. Their displacement will lead to a change in the shape of the nose.
After a minimally invasive surgery, there are no stitches, the skin heals better. But the risk of infection and infection still remains.
The low cost makes the procedure available to anyone who wants to improve their appearance. However, any complications require you to treat your choice of clinic with extreme care.Most often, unsuccessful cosmetic interventions occur after visiting non-specialized salons and doctors who do not have the appropriate qualifications.The final decision should only be made after studying the previous master's work and the clinic's assessments.